Scholarly Disclaimer: This reference compiles criticisms derived entirely from canonical Islamic sources — the Quran, Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, and other authenticated hadith collections — alongside analysis from academic historians of religion (Patricia Crone, Fred Donner, Tom Holland, Ignaz Goldziher, Joseph Schacht) and classical Islamic scholars (al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir, al-Qurtubi, al-Nawawi, al-Suyuti). All references are cited. Coverage spans: internal Quranic contradictions, peace-vs-violence textual contradictions, socially problematic rulings, the Prophet's documented actions, convenient revelations, hadith scientific errors, classical fiqh rulings with modern consequences, and academic-historical challenges. Nothing here is fabricated — everything traces to primary Islamic texts or peer-reviewed scholarship.